Zack Cooper, a senior fellow with the American Enterprise Institute, said nuclear submarines would hugely boost Australia's military capability. 'They will allow us to sustain and to improve deterrence across the Indo-Pacific.' They are now also in use by Russia, France, the United Kingdom, China, and India.ДЄ senior US defence official told reporters in Washington DC:В 'This will give Australia the capability for their submarines to basically deploy for a longer period, they're quieter, they're much more capable. The first nuclear submarines were put to sea by the United States in the 1950s.

The boats are also very quiet, making it harder for enemies to detect them and can travel at top speed - about 40kmh - for longer than diesel-powered subs. They can run for about 20 years before needing to refuel, meaning food supplies are the only limit on time at sea. Nuclear submarines are powered by nuclear reactors which produce heat that creates high-pressured steam to spin turbines and power the boat's propeller. 'France has just been reminded this bitter truth by the way the US and the UK have stabbed her in the back in Australia. 'The world is a jungle,' ex-ambassador to the US Gerard Araud tweeted after the nuclear deal was announced. Mr Morrison said he told the French many months ago that conventional submarines no longer met Australia's demands - but they were still blindsided. 'It would be naive to think a decision of this nature was not going to cause disappointment, obviously, to the French,' he said. The French - who were only told the night before the announcement- have reacted with fury, claiming Australia's move was a 'stab in the back'. In September in New York, Mr MorrisonВ admitted he knew the French would be furious after he tore up the submarine deal. The Morrison government says a domestic nuclear industry is not needed to support the submarines, as they come with whole-of-life nuclear power plants which do not need further refuelling. In his speech, Mr Turnbull said his government had looked into nuclear submarines, but was advised it could not operate such a fleet without a civil nuclear industry. What it tells you is that Australia can't be trusted.' 'The foreign minister, when he said it was a stab in the back, was not speaking just for himself, there is outrage. Malcolm Turnbull (pictured with wife Lucy in Sydney in 2019) has denied acting against Australia's national interest by calling the French President behind Scott Morrison's back

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